RRB JE Mechanical-Industrial Questionbank 2

Mechanical-Engineering

____ and ____ came out with a comprehensive theory of motivation called the performance satisfaction model. (JMRC JE 10.06.2017)

• Festinger and Heider
• Jacques and Patchen
• Porter and Lawler
• Weick and Adams

Explanation:

• Porter and Lawler came out with a comprehensive theory of motivation called the performance satisfaction model. This theory is based on assumption that rewards cause satisfaction and that sometimes performance produces reward.

____ is an objective assessment of an individual’s performance against well-defined benchmarks. (BMRCL JE 24 Feb.2019)

• Performance Appraisal
• HR Planning
• Information for goal identification
• None of the above

Explanation:

• Performance Appraisal is an objective assessment of an individual’s performance against well-defined benchmarks. Performance is measured against factors like job knowledge, quality and quantity of output, initiative, leadership abilities, supervision, cooperation, versatility, health.

What is linked with performance appraisal? (RRB Allahabad SSE 19.12.2010)

• Job Design
• Development
• Job analysis
• None of the above

Explanation:

• Job analysis is linked with performance appraisal. A performance appraisal is a systematic, general, periodic process that assesses an individual employee’s job performance and productivity in relation to pre-established criteria and organizational objectives.

According to Frederick Herzberg, ____ are elements associated with conditions surrounding the job. (RRB Mumbai SSE 05.10.2008)

• hygiene factors
• motivating factors
• economic factors
• environmental factors

Explanation:

• According to Herzberg’s two-factor theory: Motivators include achievement, recognition, the work itself, responsibility, advancement, growth. Hygiene factors include company policies, supervision, relationships, work conditions, remuneration, salary, security. Elements associated with conditions surrounding the job come under hygiene factors.

All of the following EXCEPT ____ are process theories of work motivation. (RRB Mumbai SSE 19.12.2010)

• goal-setting theory
• expectancy theory
• social cognitive theory
• acquired needs theory

Explanation:

• Process theories of motivation include operant conditioning, equity theory, goal theory, and expectancy theory. Acquired needs theory is not a process theory.

According to Herzberg, for creating self-motivated workforce employers should focus on the —-? (DMRC JE 20.04.2018)

• Motivator factors
• De-motivator factors
• Intrinsic factors
• Extrinsic factors

Explanation:

• According to Herzberg’s two-factor theory, motivator factors can encourage employees to work harder. Hygiene factors won’t encourage employees to work harder but will cause them to become unmotivated if not present.

Job evaluation is the method of determining the —-? (Konkan Railway STA 2017)

• relative worth of jobs
• skills required by a worker
• contribution of a worker
• contribution of a job

Explanation:

• Job evaluation is the method of determining relative worth of jobs. It is the process of assessing the relative value of a job in an organization by comparing it with other jobs within the organization and with the job market outside. Methods include Ranking, Classification, and Point factor.

The purpose of scheduling in Production Planning and Control is to —-? RRB JE (Re-Exam) 04.06.2025

• determine the cost of materials
• hire old personnel
• hire new personnel
• ensure products are completed on time

Explanation:

• The purpose of scheduling in production planning and control is to ensure products are completed on time. Scheduling determines the sequence of each operation, its starting and finishing time so that required material and machines are kept ready as per the timetable.

The influence of forecasting in volume decision-making with regards to production is that it —-? RRB JE (Re-Exam) 04.06.2025

• ensures that all products meet international standards
• determines the specific design of the product
• reduces manufacturing costs
• determines whether production is for stock or for immediate orders

Explanation:

• The influence of forecasting in volume decision-making with regards to production is that it determines whether production is for stock or for immediate orders.

Which of the following is considered a primary output report from Material Requirements Planning? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 9:00 AM-11:00 AM)

• Planning reports
• Planned order schedule
• Performance control reports
• Exception reports

Explanation:

• MRP generates several types of reports, but the primary output is the planned order schedule, which specifies what materials/components are needed, how many are required, and when they should be ordered or produced.

The main objective of the sequencing problem in production is to —-? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 9:00 AM-11:00 AM)

• minimise the idle time of machines
• increase the processing time of jobs
• maximise the number of jobs processed
• ignore the order of job processing

Explanation:

• The main objective of the sequencing problem is to minimise the idle time of machines. Sequencing refers to determining the optimal order in which multiple jobs are processed on one or more machines.

What is the impact of effective preplanning on the economic efficiency of a manufacturing operation? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 9:00 AM-11:00 AM)

• Increase in the complexity of the production process
• Elimination of the need for any forecasting
• Focus on the design of jigs and tools
• Prevention of the production of large uneconomic output

Explanation:

• Effective preplanning involves thorough preparation and strategic foresight before commencement of manufacturing. The most significant impact is the prevention of the production of large uneconomic output.

The structured list of components and subassemblies needed to manufacture a final product is represented by the —-? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 9:00 AM-11:00 AM)

• components directory
• bill of materials
• master file
• lead time

Explanation:

• The structured list of components and subassemblies needed to manufacture a final product is represented by a bill of materials. It is a comprehensive list of all raw materials, components, and sub-assemblies required.

While scheduling decisions, the most influencing parameter is —-? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 2:30-4:30 PM)

• competitor pricing
• market research
• sales forecasting
• availability of skilled personnel

Explanation:

• While scheduling decisions, the most influencing parameter is sales forecasting. Sales forecasting is the process of estimating future sales using historical data, market trends, and analysis.

The master production schedule represents the —-? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 2:30-4:30 PM)

• finishing time of component manufacturing
• starting and finishing time of different products
• starting time of component manufacturing
• financial requirements for the production

Explanation:

• The master production schedule (MPS) is a critical component of production planning. It represents a detailed plan that specifies the starting and finishing times of different products to ensure production aligns with customer demand.

Which of the following is a benefit of using Material Requirements Planning (MRP)? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 2:30-4:30 PM)

• Reduced customer service and satisfaction
• Better inventory planning and scheduling
• Increased raw material costs
• Slower response to market changes

Explanation:

• MRP is a systematic approach to production planning, scheduling, and inventory control. A benefit is better inventory planning and scheduling to ensure right materials are available at the right time.

Which of the following is an operational function that comes under pre-planning? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 2:30-4:30 PM)

• Dispatching
• Forecasting
• Material planning and control
• Loading

Explanation:

• Forecasting is an operational function that comes under pre-planning. It is the process of predicting future production requirements based on past data, market trends, and expected demand.

If (R) is the base rate guaranteed per hour, (S) is the standard time for the job and (T) is the actual time, then according to Rowan plan, wages for job will be —-? RRB JE 29-08-2019

• TR + (S – T) × R
• TR + [(S – T)/S] × R
• TR
• TR + [(S – T)/2] × R

Explanation:

• According to Rowan plan, wages = TR + [(S – T)/S] × R. Rowan plan is an incentive wage plan where minimum wages are guaranteed along with the time rate.

Pre-planning stage in production planning and control includes which of the following activities? RRB JE 29-08-2019

• Dispatching
• Demand forecasting
• Quality control
• Inventory control

Explanation:

• Pre-planning stage includes demand forecasting. Forecasting is the prediction of future sales or demand. Short term: 1-3 months, Intermediate: 3-12 months, Long term: More than 1 year.

Which of the following is an output of Material Requirement Planning (MRP)? RRB JE 30-08-2019

• Bills of materials
• Planned order schedule
• Inventory status file
• Master production schedule

Explanation:

• MRP-I stands for Material Requirement Planning. Planned order schedule is an output of MRP. Inputs include Master Production Schedule, Bill of Materials, and Inventory status file.

MRP I refers to which of the following? RRB JE 30-08-2019

• Materials and Resource Planning
• Materials Requirement Planning
• Manufacturing Resources Planning
• Maximum Retail Price

Explanation:

• MRP I stands for Material Requirement Planning, a system that helps manufacturers plan, schedule, and manage inventory during the manufacturing process. MRP II stands for Manufacturing Resources Planning.

The term Kanban is most appropriately associated with —-? RRB JE 30-08-2019

• Just-in-time production
• Capacity planning
• Economic order quantity
• Product design

Explanation:

• Kanban is a scheduling system for Just-In-Time (JIT) production to control the logistical chain. It is one method through which JIT is achieved (zero inventory).

Seiketsu, a Japanese term of 5S methodologies, represents the method to —-? RRB JE 30-08-2019

• Straighten
• Standardize
• Sustain
• Sort

Explanation:

• 5S is a workplace organization method: Seiri → Sort, Seiton → Set in order, Seiso → Shine, Seiketsu → Standardize, Shitsuke → Sustain.

____ layout is also called line layout. RRB JE 31-08-2019

• Fixed position layout
• Process layout
• Functional layout
• Product layout

Explanation:

• Product layout is also called line layout. It is a synthetic layout best suited where one type of product is produced and is standardized, used for mass production like automobile manufacturing.

Which of the following Japanese terms in 5S methodology represents the meaning of shine? RRB JE 31-08-2019

• Shitsuke
• Seiso
• Seiton
• Seiri

Explanation:

• In 5S methodology, Seiso represents shine. 5S: Seiri (Sorting), Seiton (Set in order), Seiso (Shine), Seiketsu (Standardize), Shitsuke (Sustain).

Which of the following is the input component(s) to Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) system? RRB JE 31-08-2019

• Master Production Schedule
• Inventory status file
• All of the options
• Bill of materials

Explanation:

• Input components for MRP systems are: Master Production Schedule, Inventory status file, and Bill of materials.

Which of the following diagrams look like a fish bone? RRB JE 31-08-2019

• Run chart
• Histogram
• Cause and effect diagram
• Pareto chart

Explanation:

• Cause and effect diagrams (Ishikawa diagram) look like a fish bone. It is a structured approach to find possible causes of a problem and is part of 7 quality control tools.

Which of the following is an example of flow production? RRB JE 31-08-2019

• Bridge and dam construction
• Gas and oil
• Textiles
• Paint shop

Explanation:

• Flow production (continuous production) is defined by continuous movement of items through the production process. Gas, oil, chemical plants, milk dairy plants are examples.

Which of the following is not a method of financial incentive payment? (Konkan Railway SSE 2015)

• Halsey premium plan
• Bedaux premium plan
• Rowan premium plan
• Jhonson’s premium plan

Explanation:

• Financial incentives involve direct monetary payments or benefits for better productivity. Halsey, Bedaux, and Rowan premium plans are financial incentives. Johnson’s premium plan is not a recognized method.

____ organisation is also called as military organization. (RRB Chandigarh SSE 25.10.2009)

• Functional
• Line
• Line & staff
• None of the above

Explanation:

• In line organization, responsibility flows upwards but authority flows from top level to bottom level. It is also called military organization.

Which is not a part of PDCA cycle (Deming wheel)? (RRB Gorakhpur RDSO SSE 25.10.2009)

• Do
• Check
• Plan
• Approve

Explanation:

• Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle is also called Deming wheel. Approve is not a part of this cycle.

For a repairable product, the ratio of the time it is working satisfactorily to ____ is called availability. (RRB Malda SSE 25.10.2009)

• the total down time
• the test interval
• the total up time
• failure rate

Explanation:

• For a repairable product, availability is the ratio of the time it is working satisfactorily to the test interval. Availability is the probability that the system is operating properly when requested for use.

In a closed loop process control system with PID controller, response depends only on the difference between set point and the process variable. (RRB Mumbai C&G SSE 25.10.2009)

• proportional
• integral
• differential
• All of these

Explanation:

• PID controller is an instrument used in control applications to regulate flow, speed, pressure, temperature, and other variable process. Closed loop transfer function depends on all types of controllers.

____ is the tool for organizing the workplace in a clean, efficient and safe manner to enhance productivity and enable standardized working. (RRB Bhopal TM SSE 25.10.2009)

• 5S
• 3D
• 6O
• None of these

Explanation:

• 5S is a Japanese methodology for workplace organization. It is the tool for organizing the workplace in a clean, efficient, and safe manner to enhance productivity and enable standardized working.

What is data mining used to aid in? (RRB Bangalore SSE 09.09.2012)

• Operational management
• Analyzing past data to yield information of value in tactical management
• Detecting patterns in operational data
• Retrieving archival data

Explanation:

• Data mining is used to aid in detecting patterns in operational data. It is the process of sorting through large data sets to identify patterns and relationships that can help solve business problems.

In order that linear programming techniques provide valid results —-? (RRB Gorakhpur Design SSE 09.09.2012)

• Relations between factors must be linear (Positive)
• Relations between factors must be linear (Negative)
• (a) or (b)
• None of the above

Explanation:

• Linear programming is an optimization technique used in decision making. For valid results, relationships between factors must be linear (either positive or negative).

Gantt chart provides information about —-? (RRB Bhopal SSE 09.09.2012)

• Break even point analysis
• Production schedule
• Material handling layout
• Determining selling price

Explanation:

• Gantt chart is a graphical representation of activity against time. It is a project management tool assisting in planning and scheduling of projects.

In manufacturing management, the term “Dispatching” is used to describe —-? (RRB Chandigarh SSE 09.09.2012)

• Dispatch of sales order
• Dispatch of factory mail
• Dispatch of finished product to the user
• Dispatch of work orders through shop floor

Explanation:

• Dispatching refers to authorizing a production work order to be launched. It gives the necessary authority to start a particular work planned under Routing and scheduling.

The simplex method is the basic method for —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 09.09.2012)

• Value analysis
• Operation research
• Linear programming
• Method analysis

Explanation:

• The simplex method is the basic method for linear programming. It is a step-by-step procedure to produce an optimal solution from an initial feasible solution.

Queuing theory is associated with —-? (RRB Bhubneshwar JE II 29.11.2008)

• Sales
• Inspection time
• Waiting time
• Production time

Explanation:

• Queuing theory is the study of waiting lines or queues, including the arrival process, service process, number of servers, and number of system places.

What is OLAP? (RRB Kolkata SSE 09.09.2012)

• A type of application software designed to report analyze and present data
• An integrated collection of logically-related records or files consolidated into a common pool
• An approach to quickly answer multidimensional analytical queries
• A class of information system that support business and organizational decision-making activities

Explanation:

• OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) is a class of information system that supports business and organizational decision-making activities, part of broader business intelligence.

What does connecting one computer to another create? (RRB Allahabad SSE 09.09.2012)

• Control unit
• Track
• Network
• Sector

Explanation:

• Network is created by connecting one computer to another computer.

Which of the following production system is characterised by the low production volume? (RRB Mumbai C&G SSE 25.10.2009)

• Project Production System
• Job Shop Production System
• Batch Production System
• Mass Production System

Explanation:

• Job shop production system is characterized by high variety and low volume, general purpose machines, highly skilled operators, and large inventory of materials.

Bin cards are used for —-? (RRB Chandigarh SSE 25.10.2009)

• Machine loading
• Stores
• Accounts
• None of these

Explanation:

• Bin cards are used for stores. It is the statement of all receipts and issues of stock from the store department, maintained by the storekeeper.

Bin card is maintained by —-? (Konkan Railway TA 2017) (DMRC JE 2013)

• costing department
• stores department
• finance department
• accounting department

Explanation:

• Bin card is maintained by stores department. It records in and out quantity of items and shows the stock of each item held at the store.

Bin cards placed in —-? (RRB Mumbai SSE 05.10.2008)

• store records
• stock records
• (a) and (b) both
• None of these

Explanation:

• Bin cards are placed in stores. They are record-keeping documents used in retail and other businesses that require a stock room.

Re-ordering level is calculated as —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 19.12.2010)

• Maximum consumption rate × Maximum re-order period
• Minimum consumption rate × Minimum re-order period
• Maximum consumption rate × Minimum re-order period
• Minimum consumption rate × Maximum re-order period

Explanation:

• Re-ordering level = Maximum consumption rate × Maximum re-order period. It is the point at which inventory needs to be replenished to continue doing business effectively.

Which of the following is true for inventory control? (BMRCL JE 24 Feb. 2019)

• Economic order quantity has minimum total cost per order
• Inventory carrying costs increases with quantity per order
• Ordering cost decreases with low size
• All of the above

Explanation:

• Inventory control qualities: EOQ has minimum total cost per order, inventory carrying cost increases with quantity per order, ordering cost decreases with low size.

Routing is essential in the following type of industry —-? (DMRC JE 22.09.2017)

• Assembly industry
• Process industry
• Job order industry
• Mass production industry

Explanation:

• Routing is essential in assembly industry. Routing determines what work is to be done, where and how it will be done, deciding the path and sequence of operations from one machine to another.

Which one of the following is a process under job evaluation? (BMRCL JE 24 Feb. 2019)

• Job description
• Job analysis
• Job specification
• All of the above

Explanation:

• Job evaluation is the systematic process of determining the relative value of different jobs. Processes include job description, job analysis, and job specification.

The full form of ERP is —-? (RRB Mumbai JE 05.10.2008)

• Enterprise Revenue Planning
• Enterprise Recovery Planning
• Enterprise Report Planning
• Enterprise Resource Planning

Explanation:

• ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning. It is software that manages a company’s financials, supply chain, operations, commerce, reporting, manufacturing, and human resource activities.

Any network must have flow between Source and Sink equal to capacity of —-? (Konkan Railway STA 2017)

• Cut
• Minimum cut
• Both cut and minimum cut
• Either cut or minimum cut

Explanation:

• According to max flow-min cut theorem, the maximal flow between a source and a sink is equal to the minimal cut capacity of all cuts separating the source and sink.

The following activities are to be performed in a particular sequence for routing a product —-? (Konkan Railway SSE 2015)

• 1, 2, 3, 4
• 3, 1, 2, 4
• 3, 1, 4, 2
• 1, 4, 3, 2

Explanation:

• Right sequence for routing: 1. Analysis of product and breaking into components, 2. Taking make or buy decisions, 3. Determination of operations and processing time, 4. Determination of lot size.

Dispatching function of production planning and control refers to —-? (RRB Chandigarh SSE 25.10.2009)

• A dispatch of finished goods on order
• Movement of in-process material from shop to shop
• Authorizing a production work order to be launched
• Dispatch of bills and invoices to the customer

Explanation:

• Dispatching refers to authorizing a production work order to be launched. It gives the necessary authority to start a particular work planned under Routing and scheduling.

In a low volume production, the dispatching function is not concerned with issuing of which one of the following? (RRB Gorakhpur RDSO SSE 25.10.2009)

• Work tickets
• Requisition of raw materials, parts and components
• Route checks to production supervisor
• Requisition of tools and facilities

Explanation:

• In low volume production, dispatching is not concerned with issuing requisition of raw materials, parts, and components. Dispatching gives orders to start work prescribed by planning.

Routing assists engineers in deciding in advance —-? (RRB Malda SSE 25.10.2009)

• the flow of material in the plant
• the methods of proper utilization of manpower
• the methods of proper utilization of machines
• the layout of factory facilities

Explanation:

• Routing decides the path and sequence of operations to be performed on the job from one machine to another, thus ensuring proper utilization of machines.

Routing prescribes the —-? (RRB Mumbai C&G SSE 25.10.2009)

• flow of material in the plant
• proper utilization of man power
• proper utilization of machines
• inspection of final product

Explanation:

• Routing prescribes the flow of material in the plant. It is the selection of the path which each part of the product will follow from raw material to finished products.

Activities involved in production, planning and control system are listed below: 1. Planning 2. Loading 3. Scheduling 4. Dispatching 5. Routing 6. Follow up. The correct sequence is —-? (RRB Bhopal TM SSE 25.10.2009)

• 1, 3, 5, 4, 2, 6
• 1, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6
• 1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 6
• 1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6

Explanation:

• Correct sequence of activities in production planning and control: Planning → Routing → Scheduling → Loading → Dispatching → Follow up.

Routing is essential in the following type of industry —-? (RRB Bangalore SSE 09.09.2012)

• assembly industry
• process industry
• job order industry
• mass production industry

Explanation:

• Routing is essential in assembly industry where several finished products are combined to produce a new finished product (e.g., manufacturing of computers, televisions, watches).

Assertion (A): Conventional production planning techniques cannot be used for managing service operations. Reason (R): Service operations cannot be inventoried. (RRB Gorakhpur Design SSE 09.09.2012)

• Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
• Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• A is true but R is false
• A is false but R is true

Explanation:

• Conventional production planning cannot be used for service operations because service operations cannot be inventoried. Both statements are true and R correctly explains A.

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? (RRB Chandigarh SSE 09.09.2012)

• 1, 3 and 4
• 1, 2 and 4
• 2 and 3
• 1, 2 and 3

Explanation:

• Project scheduling – Critical path analysis (correct), Batch production – Line of balance scheduling (correct), Dispatching – Job order (correct), Routing – Gantt chart (incorrect, Gantt chart is for scheduling).

When compared to process layout, the advantages of product layout would include —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 09.09.2012)

• 1 and 2
• 1 and 3
• 2 and 3
• 1, 2, and 3

Explanation:

• Advantages of product layout: Low cost of material handling (1), Smooth and continuous operations, Continuous flow of work, Optimum use of floor space, Lower manufacturing cost per unit. Higher flexibility in rescheduling (2) is not an advantage of product layout.

Match List-I (Charts) with List-II (Applications) (RRB Bhubneshwar JE II 29.11.2008)

• A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
• A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
• A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
• A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

Explanation:

• Operation process chart → To study relations between operations (4). Flow process chart → To analyze indirect costs such as material handling cost (3). Flow diagram → To study backtracking and traffic congestion (2). PERT chart → Scheduling project operations (1).

In which one of the following types of industrial activities, the problem of loading and scheduling becomes more difficult? (RRB Jammu SSE 09.09.2012)

• Single-product continuous
• Multi-product continuous
• Batch production
• Continuous or process production

Explanation:

• Batch production has the most difficult loading and scheduling due to medium volume lot and moderate product variety. Job shop production has very high variety and less lot size, making it most difficult.

Routing in production planning and control refers to the —-? (RRB Bangalore SSE 09.09.2012)

• Balancing of load on machines
• Authorization of work to be performed
• Progress of work performed
• Sequence of operations to be performed

Explanation:

• Routing refers to the sequence of operations to be performed. Production planning and control sequence: Routing → Scheduling → Dispatching → Follow up.

The routing function in a production system design is concerned with —-? (RRB Mumbai C&G SSE 25.10.2009)

• Manpower utilization
• Machine utilization
• Quality assurance of the product
• Optimizing material flow through the plant

Explanation:

• Routing function is concerned with optimizing material flow through the plant. It is the selection of the path which each part of the product will follow from raw material to finished products.

Consider the following statements: Scheduling: 1. Is a general timetable of manufacturing 2. Is the time phase of loading 3. Is loading all the work in process on machines according to their capacity. Which are correct? (RRB Gorakhpur RDSO SSE 25.10.2009)

• 1, 2 and 3
• 1 and 2 only
• 2 and 3 only
• 1 and 3 only

Explanation:

• Scheduling is a general timetable of manufacturing, is the time phase of loading, and is loading all work in process on machines according to their capacity.

Consider the following statements: 1. Preparation of master production schedule is an iterative process 2. Schedule charts are made with respect to jobs while load charts are made with respect to machines 3. MRP is done before master production scheduling. Which are correct? (RRB Kolkata Diesel JE 25.10.2009)

• 1, 2 and 3
• 1 and 2
• 2 and 3
• 1 and 3

Explanation:

• Preparation of MPS is an iterative process. Schedule charts are made with respect to jobs while load charts are made with respect to machines. MRP is done after master production scheduling.

Which of the following factors are to be considered for production scheduling? (Konkan Railway STA 2017)

• 1, 2 and 3
• 1, 2 and 4
• 1, 3 and 4
• 2, 3 and 4

Explanation:

• Factors to be considered for production scheduling are: component design (2), route sheet (3), and time standards (4). Sales forecast (1) is not a scheduling factor.

Assertion (A): Planning and scheduling of job order manufacturing differ from planning and scheduling of mass production manufacturing. Reason (R): In mass production manufacturing, a large variety of products are manufactured in large quantity. (RRB Mumbai SSE 19.12.2010)

• Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
• Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• A is true but R is false
• A is false but R is true

Explanation:

• A is true: Planning and scheduling of job order manufacturing differs from mass production. R is false: In mass production, small variety of same type of product is manufactured in large quantities, not a large variety.

Production scheduling is simpler, and high volume of output and high labour efficiency are achieved in the case of —-? (RRB Mumbai SSE 05.10.2008)

• Fixed position layout
• Process layout
• Product layout
• A combination of line and process layout

Explanation:

• Product layout (line layout) is used in bulk production when products of same type are manufactured consistently. Production scheduling is simpler and high volume of output and high labour efficiency are achieved.

Which one of the following statements is correct in relation to production, planning and control? (RRB Allahabad SSE 19.12.2010)

• Expediting initiates the execution of production plans, whereas dispatching maintains them and sees them through to their successful completion
• Dispatching initiates the execution of production plans, whereas expediting maintains them and sees them through to their successful completion
• Both dispatching and expediting initiate the execution of production plans
• Both dispatching and expediting maintain the production plans and see them through to their successful completion

Explanation:

• Dispatching initiates the execution of production plans whereas expediting maintains them and sees them through to their successful completion.

Consider the following statement: Dispatching: 1. Is the action of operations planning and control 2. Releases work to the operating divisions. 3. Conveys instructions to the shop floor. (RRB Bhubneshwar JE-11 19.12.2010)

• 1, 2 and 3 are correct
• 1 and 2 are correct
• 2 and 3 are correct
• 1 and 3 are correct

Explanation:

• Dispatching is the action of operations planning and control, releases work to operating divisions, and conveys instructions to the shop floor.

Which one of the following statements correctly defines the term ‘dispatching’? (DMRC JE 22.09.2017)

• Maintaining the record of time of starting and completion of each operation
• The appraisal and evaluation of human work in terms of time
• Taking all such steps which are meant to affect and implement the programme of production according to plans
• Moving the work after completion to the next process or machine on the route

Explanation:

• Dispatching means taking all steps meant to affect and implement the programme of production according to plans. It is release of orders and instructions for starting production.

In production, planning and control, the document which authorizes the start of an operation on the shop floor is the —-? (BMRCL JE 24 Feb. 2019)

• Dispatch order
• Route plan
• Loading chart
• Schedule

Explanation:

• The document which authorizes the start of an operation on the shop floor is the dispatch order.

The strategy that involves production of the amounts demanded at any given time is —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 19.12.2010)

• Production level strategy
• Chase strategy
• Subcontracting strategy
• TQM strategy

Explanation:

• Chase strategy involves production of the amounts demanded at any given time. It is also called demand matching because it varies production to meet demand.

Gantt chart provides information about the —-? (RRB Mumbai JE 05.10.2008)

• material handling
• proper utilisation of manpower
• production schedule
• efficient working of machine

Explanation:

• Gantt chart is mainly used to allocate resources to activities and is applicable for production scheduling. It is a special type of bar chart where each bar represents an activity.

Product layout is employed for —-? (RRB Mumbai JE 19.12.2010)

• batch production
• continuous production
• effective utilisation of machine
• all of the above

Explanation:

• Product layout implies that operations are performed in sequence and machines are placed along the product flow line. This layout is preferred for continuous production.

Process layout is employed for —-? (DMRC JE 2013)

• batch production
• continuous type of product
• effective utilisation of machines
• all of the above

Explanation:

• Process layout (functional layout) has all machines working on the same type of operation. It is employed for batch production. Example: Milling operation.

Identify the critical path from the given diagram. RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 2:30-4:30 PM)

• 1-2-3-7
• 1-2-4-5-6
• 1-2-4-5-6-7
• 1-2-4-7

Explanation:

• The critical path is the longest path through the network diagram. Path 1-2-4-5-6-7 has the longest duration, therefore it is the critical path.

In the CPM technique, the critical path slack is —-? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 2:30-4:30 PM)

• zero
• negative
• positive
• either negative or zero

Explanation:

• CPM is a project management technique to determine the sequence of activities that directly affect project completion time. In CPM, the critical path slack is zero.

The amount of time by which an activity can be delayed without affecting project completion time is —-? RRB JE Stage 2 (22.04.2025 2:30-4:30 PM)

• Activity float
• Independent float
• Total float
• Free float

Explanation:

• Total float is the time by which completion of an activity can be delayed beyond earliest expected completion time without affecting overall project duration. Total Float = L – E – T.

Dobereiner’s system of classification into Triad was NOT found to be useful as he could identify only —-? RRB JE 29-08-2019

• Five triads
• Four triads
• Two triads
• Three triads

Explanation:

• Dobereiner identified only three triads in elements, so his concept was discarded. He showed atomic mass of middle element was roughly the average of the other two.

Slack represents the difference between the —-? RRB JE 29-08-2019

• Proposed allowable time and the earliest expected
• Normal allowable time and the latest expected time
• Latest allowable time and the earliest expected time
• Latest allowable time and the normal expected time

Explanation:

• Slack = L – E (Latest allowable time – Earliest expected time). In most cases, slack and float are the same.

The artificial activity which indicates that an activity following it cannot be started unless the preceding activity is complete, is known as —-? RRB JE 30-08-2019

• Total float
• Dummy
• Event
• Free float

Explanation:

• Dummy activity indicates that an activity following it cannot be started unless the preceding activity is complete. It is denoted by dotted line with arrow and does not consume time or resources.

Which of the following distribution represents the time estimates in PERT? RRB JE 31-08-2019

• Weibull distribution
• Normal distribution
• Poisson distribution
• Beta distribution

Explanation:

• PERT is an event-oriented technique. Beta (β) distribution represents the time estimates in PERT. Expected time = (t₀ + 4tₘ + tₚ)/6.

____ is a manufacturing philosophy that emphasizes careful scheduling of work, on-time delivery of zero-defect supplies and highly skilled workforce. (RRB Chandigarh SSE 25.10.2009)

• PERT
• MRP
• EOQ
• JIT

Explanation:

• Just In Time (JIT) is a manufacturing philosophy that emphasizes careful scheduling of work, on-time delivery of zero-defect supplies, and highly skilled workforce.

PERT/CPM are —-? (RRB Gorakhpur RDSO SSE 25.10.2009)

• Analytical methods
• Graphical method
• Inspection techniques
• Network techniques

Explanation:

• PERT/CPM are network techniques. A network is the graphical representation of project activities in logical sequence.

In CPM network critical path denotes the —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 25.10.2009)

• path where maximum resources are used
• path where minimum resources are used
• path having zero delay
• path that gets monitored automatically

Explanation:

• Critical path denotes the path having zero delay. It is the longest sequence of activities that must be finished on time to complete the entire project.

CPM has following time estimate —-? (RRB Patna JE 25.10.2009)

• One time estimate
• Two time estimate
• Three time estimate
• Four time estimate

Explanation:

• CPM is based on a single time estimate of the average time required to execute the activity. It is a deterministic and activity-oriented approach.

Critical path on a PERT/CPM chart is obtained by joining the events having —-? (RRB Allahabad SSE 09.09.2012)

• maximum slack
• minimum slack
• average slack
• zero slack

Explanation:

• Critical path is obtained by joining events having zero slack. Critical path has no slack, but other tasks not on critical path may have built-in float.

Choose the statement which is correct: (RRB SSE Secunderabad Red Paper, 21.12.2014)

• PERT is event oriented
• PERT is not event oriented
• CPM is event oriented
• CPM is not event oriented

Explanation:

• PERT is event oriented while CPM is activity oriented.

PERT has following time estimate —-? (RRB Kolkata SSE 09.09.2012)

• One time estimate
• Two time estimate
• Three time estimate
• Four time estimate

Explanation:

• PERT is an event-oriented technique with three time estimates: optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic.

In PERT, the time estimates of activities are probabilistic and the probability of their occurrence follows —-? (RRB Chandigarh SSE 09.09.2012)

• binomial distribution
• β-distribution
• normal distribution
• Poisson’s distribution

Explanation:

• In PERT, time estimates follow β-distribution, producing a bell-shaped curve that is nearly normal.

PERT is the —-? (DMRC JE 2013)

• Time oriented technique
• Event oriented technique
• Activity oriented technique
• Target Oriented technique

Explanation:

• PERT is the event oriented technique and CPM is the activity oriented technique.

Which one of the following is used in the value analysis of any product? (RRB Allahabad JE 09.09.2012)

• FAST
• CPM
• PERT
• MOST

Explanation:

• MOST is used in the value analysis of any product.

The total float on the critical path in CPM is —-? (RRB Bhubneshwar JE II 29.11.2008)

• negative
• positive fraction
• positive
• zero

Explanation:

• Total float on the critical path in CPM is zero. Critical path is obtained by joining events having zero slack.

The performance of a specific task in CPM is known as —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 09.09.2012)

• Dummy
• Event
• Activity
• Contract

Explanation:

• Activity is the performance of a specific task in CPM. CPM is activity oriented with deterministic model.

In CPM network critical path denotes the —-? (RRB Gorakhpur Design SSE 09.09.2012) (RRB Chandigarh SSE 09.09.2012)

• Path where maximum resources are used
• Path where minimum resources are used
• Path where delay of one activity prolongs the duration of completion of project
• Path that gets monitored automatically

Explanation:

• Critical path is the maximum time-consuming path from the first event to the last event. Time taken along critical path is the expected project completion time.

In PERT, the distribution of activity times is assumed to be —-? (RRB Bangalore SSE 09.09.2012)

• Normal
• Gamma
• Beta
• Exponential

Explanation:

• In PERT analysis, the distribution curve for time taken to complete each activity resembles a β-distribution.

A dummy activity is used in PERT network to describe —-? (RRB Bhopal TM SSE 25.10.2009)

• Precedence relationship
• Necessary time delay
• Resource restriction
• Resource idleness

Explanation:

• Dummy activity represents a logical precedence relationship. It takes zero time and resources to perform.

In PERT analysis a critical activity has —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 25.10.2009)

• Maximum float
• Zero float
• Maximum cost
• Minimum cost

Explanation:

• In PERT analysis, a critical activity has zero float. Critical path determines the minimum duration required for project completion.

The expected time (tₑ) of a PERT activity in terms of optimistic time (t₀), pessimistic time (tₚ) and most likely time (tₘ) is given by —-? (RRB Gorakhpur RDSO SSE 25.10.2009)

• tₑ = (t₀ + 4tₘ + tₚ)/6
• tₑ = (t₀ + 4tₚ + tₘ)/6
• tₑ = (t₀ + tₘ + tₚ)/3
• tₑ = (t₀ + tₘ + tₚ)/6

Explanation:

• Expected time tₑ = (t₀ + 4tₘ + tₚ)/6, where t₀ = optimistic time, tₘ = most likely time, tₚ = pessimistic time.

The critical path of network is the path that —-? (RRB Chandigarh SSE 25.10.2009)

• Takes the shortest time
• Takes the longest time
• Has the minimum variance
• Has the maximum variance

Explanation:

• The critical path of a network is the path that takes the longest time.

If an activity has zero slack, it implies that —-? (Konkan Railway SSE 2015)

• It lies on the critical path
• It is a dummy activity
• The project is progressing well
• None of the above

Explanation:

• If an activity has zero slack, it implies that it lies on the critical path.

Activity-on-Arrow (AOA) diagram is preferred over Activity-on-Node (AON) diagram because —-? (RRB Mumbai SSE 19.12.2010)

• AOA diagrams are simple to construct
• AOA diagrams give a better sense of the flow of time throughout a project
• AOA diagrams do not involve dummy activities
• All of the above

Explanation:

• AOA diagrams are preferred over AON diagrams because they give a better sense of the flow of time throughout a project. AOA emphasizes milestones (events) while AON emphasizes tasks.

The most likely time (tₘ) is ‘mode’ of the —-? (RRB Mumbai SSE 05.10.2008)

• Normal distribution
• Beta distribution
• Binomial distribution
• None of the above

Explanation:

• Most likely time (tₘ) is the mode of β-distribution. PERT assumes activities follow β-distribution with three time estimates.

Fulkerson’s rule is connected with —-? (RRB Allahabad SSE 19.12.2010)

• Numbering of event in PERT/CPM
• The Simulating model
• Queuing theory
• None of the above

Explanation:

• Fulkerson’s rule is connected with numbering of events in PERT/CPM.

The variance of the completion time for a project is the sum of variance of —-? (BMRCL JE 24 Feb. 2019)

• All activity times
• Non-critical activity times
• Critical activity times
• Activity times of first and last activities of the project

Explanation:

• Variance of completion time for a project is the sum of variance of critical activity times (σ₁² + σ₂² + … + σₙ²) along the critical path.

Which one of the following statements about PRS (Periodic Reordering System) is not true. (JMRC JE 10.06.2017)

• PRS requires continuous monitoring of inventory levels
• PRS is useful in control of perishable items
• PRS provides basis for adjustments to account for variations in demand
• In PRS, inventory holding costs are higher than in fixed Reorder Quantity System

Explanation:

• PRS (Periodic Reordering System) does not require continuous monitoring of inventory levels. It is less costly, useful for perishable items, and has higher holding costs than fixed reorder quantity system.

Which one of the following is not a function of production control? (RRB Allahabad JE 19.12.2010)

• Forecasting
• Routing
• Scheduling
• Dispatching

Explanation:

• Forecasting is not a function of production planning and control. Functions include materials, methods, machines, routing, estimating, scheduling, dispatching, expediting, and evaluating.

Which of the following is not an input to the MRP system? (RRB Mumbai SSE 05.10.2008)

• MPS (Master Production Schedule)
• Bill of materials
• Cost of materials
• Inventory status

Explanation:

• Inputs to MRP are: MPS (Master Production Schedule), Inventory Record file, and Bill of materials. Cost of materials is not an input.

In the network shown below the critical path is along —-? (RRB Chandigarh SSE 25.10.2009)

• 1-2-3-4-8-9
• 1-2-3-5-6-7-8-9
• 1-2-3-4-7-8-9
• 1-2-5-6-7-8-9

Explanation:

• Critical path is the longest path from first event to the last event. Path 1-2-3-5-6-7-8-9 is the critical path.

Consider the following statements: PERT considers the following time estimates 1. Optimistic time 2. Pessimistic time 3. Most likely time. Which are correct? (RRB Gorakhpur RDSO SSE 25.10.2009)

• 1, 2 and 3
• 1 and 2 only
• 3 only
• 1 and 3 only

Explanation:

• PERT requires three time estimates to complete an activity: optimistic time (t₀), pessimistic time (tₚ), and most likely time (tₘ). Expected time = (t₀ + 4tₘ + tₚ)/6.

Dummy activities are used in a network to —-? (RRB Allahabad JE 25.10.2009)

• Facilitate computation of slacks
• Satisfy precedence requirements
• Determine project completion time
• Avoid use of resources

Explanation:

• Dummy activities are used to show logic, dependency, or relationship of one activity over another, but do not consume any time or resources.

A PERT activity has an optimistic time estimate of 3 days, a pessimistic time estimate of 8 days, and a most likely time estimate of 10 days. What is the expected time of this activity? (RRB Bangalore SSE 09.09.2012)

• 5.0 days
• 7.5 days
• 8.0 days
• 8.5 days

Explanation:

• tₑ = (t₀ + 4tₘ + tₚ)/6 = (3 + 4×10 + 8)/6 = (3 + 40 + 8)/6 = 51/6 = 8.5 days.

CPM is the —-? (DMRC JE 2013)

• Time oriented technique
• Event oriented technique
• Activity oriented technique
• Target oriented technique

Explanation:

• CPM is activity oriented with deterministic model, used for projects that are repetitive in nature where one has prior experience.

KANBAN is used in —-? (Konkan Railway TA 2017)

• Synchronous Manufacturing
• Materials Requirements Planning
• Total Quality Management
• Just-In-Time manufacturing

Explanation:

• KANBAN is an inventory control system used in Just-In-Time (JIT) manufacturing to track production and order new shipments of parts and materials.

Pick up the correct step used for scheduling a project by C.P.M. (JMRC JE 10.06.2017)

• a project is divided into various activities
• required time for each activity is established
• sequence of various activities is made according to their importance
• all of the above

Explanation:

• Steps for scheduling by CPM: project divided into activities, time for each activity is established, sequence of activities is made according to importance, and network is drawn.

The basic difference between PERT and CPM is that —-? (RRB Kolkata SSE 09.09.2012)

• CPM deals with events and PERT with activities
• critical path is determined in PERT only
• costs are considered on CPM only and not in PERT
• guessed times are used in PERT and evaluated times in CPM

Explanation:

• CPM has activity times known with certainty (deterministic), PERT uses probabilistic time estimates. PERT uses three time estimates, CPM uses one.

PERT stands for —-? (RRB Bangalore SSE 09.09.2012)

• Program Evaluation and Review Technique
• Project Examination and Review Technique
• Project Evaluation and Reporting Technique
• Process Execution and Reporting Technology

Explanation:

• PERT stands for Program Evaluation and Review Technique. It is used for uncertain projects based upon three time estimates, mainly for research and development.

The first method invented for planning projects was —-? (DMRC JE 22.09.2017)

• bar chart method
• milestone chart
• critical path method (CPM)
• programme evaluation and review technique (PERT)

Explanation:

• The first method invented for planning projects was the bar chart method, with activities specifying start date, duration, and completion date.

The time of completing a project in network analysis is given by following time of the critical activity meeting at the final node —-? (BMRCL JE 24 Feb. 2019)

• early finish
• early start
• late start
• late finish

Explanation:

• The time of completing a project in network analysis is given by the earliest finish time of the critical activity meeting at the final node. EFT = EST + Activity duration.

The performance of a specific task in CPM is known as —-? (RRB Bhubneshwar JE-11 19.12.2010)

• dummy
• event
• activity
• contract

Explanation:

• Activity is the performance of a specific task in CPM. Dummy is an activity that does not consume resources or time but represents a connection between events.

Pick up the incorrect statement from the following (RRB Allahabad JE 19.12.2010)

• an activity of the project is denoted by an arrow on the network
• the tail of the arrow indicates the start of the activity
• the head of the arrow indicates the end of the activity
• the arrows are drawn to scale from left to right

Explanation:

• Arrows in a network diagram are not drawn to scale from left to right. They represent the sequence of activities, not scale.