English
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Wind Energy: A Sustainable Power Source :
Wind energy is one of the fastest-growing renewable energy sources in the world. It harnesses the kinetic energy of moving air to generate electricity through wind turbines. Modern wind turbines consist of three main components: the rotor blades, the shaft, and the generator. When wind blows, it causes the rotor blades to spin, which turns the shaft connected to a generator that produces electricity.
The capacity of a wind turbine depends on several factors including wind speed, blade length, and air density. The ideal location for wind farms is in areas with consistent and strong winds, such as coastal regions, open plains, and mountain passes. Offshore wind farms are becoming increasingly popular as they can capture stronger and more consistent winds compared to onshore locations.
India has emerged as a major player in wind energy production, with the country ranking fourth globally in wind power capacity. The states of Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Karnataka are leading contributors to India’s wind energy output. The Indian government has set ambitious targets to achieve 140 GW of wind power capacity by 2030 as part of its commitment to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.
Despite its numerous advantages, wind energy faces certain challenges. The intermittent nature of wind means that power generation is not constant, requiring backup power sources or energy storage solutions. Wind turbines can also impact wildlife, particularly birds and bats, and may create noise pollution in residential areas. However, technological advancements continue to address these concerns, making wind energy an increasingly viable and sustainable solution for meeting global energy demands.
What is the primary source of energy that wind turbines harness to generate electricity?
- Solar energy
- Kinetic energy of moving air
- Thermal energy
- Nuclear energy
Explanation: Wind turbines harness the kinetic energy of moving air to generate electricity.
Which of the following is NOT a component of a modern wind turbine?
- Rotor blades
- Shaft
- Generator
- Solar panels
Explanation: Solar panels are not components of wind turbines. The three main components are rotor blades, shaft, and generator.
According to the passage, which country ranks fourth globally in wind power capacity?
- China
- United States
- Germany
- India
Explanation: India ranks fourth globally in wind power capacity.
What is the target wind power capacity that India aims to achieve by 2030?
- 100 GW
- 120 GW
- 140 GW
- 160 GW
Explanation: The Indian government has set a target to achieve 140 GW of wind power capacity by 2030.
Which of the following is mentioned as a challenge faced by wind energy?
- High cost of installation
- Intermittent nature of wind
- Limited availability of land
- Lack of government support
Explanation: The intermittent nature of wind (power generation not being constant) is mentioned as a key challenge, requiring backup power sources or energy storage solutions.